Construction Cluster Dunđer participate as a partner in three years FP7 project called Open House. This project received funding from the Seventh Framework Programme of the European Community in the framework of the grant agreement number 244130 http://www.openhouse-fp7.eu/ . Overall objective of the Project Open House is to develop and implement a common European transparent methodology for existing or newly designed buildings, with the planning and construction of sustainable buildings through open access and common technical platform.
Construction Cluster Dunđer chose two case studies in which they will be implemented method OPEN HOUSE
Građevinski klaster Dunđer učestvuje kao partner na trogosnjem FP7 projektu pod nazivom Open House. Ovaj projekat dobije sredstva iz Sedmog okvirnog programa Evropske zajednice u okviru sporazuma o grantu broj 244130. http://www.openhouse-fp7.eu/ .Opšti cilj projekta Open House je da razvije i da sprovede zajedničku evropsku transparentnu metodologiju procene postojećih ili novo projektovanih zgrada, uz planiranje i izgradnju održivih objekata putem otvorenog pristupa i zajedničke tehničke platforme.
RAZVOJ METODOLOGIJE ZA PROCENU KVALITETA I ODRŽIVOSTI ZGRADA U SRBIJI PO EVROPSKIM STANDARDIMA “OPEN HOUSE”
Domaća građevinska industrija suočena je sa velikim problemima, kako u zemlјi, tako i u inostranstvu. Na domaćem tržištu, zbog nepovolјnog privrednog okruženja, primetan je zastoj u stanogradnji, dok su u inostranstvu naša građevinska preduzeća nekonkuretna, između ostalog i zbog neprimenjivanja savremenih metodologija pre svega u oblasti projektovanja, a i u izgradnji, korišćenjem zastarelih materijala i prevaziđenih metoda gradnje, koji utiču na smanjenje životnog ciklusa zgrade.
Nova metodologija, nazvana OPEN HOUSE, ima za cilј da razvije i primeni zajedničku transparentnu metodologiju, koja će dopuniti postojeće metodologije za ocenu projektovanja i izgradnje održivih građevina koristeći otvoreni pristup i zajedničku tehničku platformu. Metodologija se zasniva na postojećim metodama za ocenu održive gradnje (BREEAM, DGNB, LEED,…), na postojećim Evropskim standardima (ISO TC 59/SC 17, CEN/TC 350), EPBD Direktivi i njihovim nacionalnim transpozicijama i metodologijama za ocenu održivosti gradnje na međunarodnom, evropskom i nacionalnom nivou.
Povolјna je okolnost, što Srbija uskoro dobija novi set zakona koji se direktno tiču i građevinarstva, a posebno i ovog njenog dela. Nažalost, domaći građevinari nisu dovolјno upoznati sa novom legislativom, te je zbog toga neophodno aktivnije učestovavati na pripremi projektanata za nove metodologije procene životnog veka, kvaliteta i održivosti zgrada kroz neophodne obuke.
Naučni i tehnički cilјevi projekta su:
- Definisati i predstaviti OPEN HOUSE pristup kao otvorenu i transparentnu Evropsku platformu za održivu gradnju,
- Promovisati OPEN HOUSE pristup i definisati mehanizme interakcije između projekta i faktora odlučivanja,
- Izgraditi OPEN HOUSE platformu i podržati pan-Evropske napore za zajednički pogled na održivu gradnju,
- Učvrstiti način primene i ocene metodologije: izbor test-primera i mehanizama za donošenje odluka,
- Oceniti i pobolјšati metodologiju koristeći rezultate test-primera i drugih sličnih slučajeva, kao i druge primedbe faktora odlučivanja,
- Dalјe širenje i korišćenje OPEN HOUSE metodologije.
Osnove metodologije čine sledeće ocene:
- Ekološki kvalitet,
- Socijalno-funkcionalni kvalitet,
- Ekonomski kvalitet,
- Tehničke karakteristike,
- Kvalitet procesa (projektovanja i gradnje),
- Položaj zgrade (lokacija).
BREEAM REJTING poslovnih zgrada je najrasprostranjenije korišćeno sredstvo za preispitivanja i pobolјšanje ekoloških performansi poslovnih zgrada. To je industrijski standard za merenje koliko je poslovna zgrada održiva i za istraživanja uticaja zgrade na životnu sredinu. Procena se može vršiti i na novim i na postojećim poslovnim zgradama – bilo da su prazne ili zauzete.
Koji su glavni faktori u pravcu dobijanja BREEAM rejtinga?
• Dobri upravlјački menadžment zgrade
• Kako zgrada doprinosi zdravlјu i dobrobiti zaposlenih
• Smanjenje emisije CO2 od građevinskih poslova i transporta do i od zgrade
• Mesto i pristup za osoblјe
• Efikasnost u korišćenju vode (npr. toaleti niskog protoka vode), merenje vode, sistemi za detekciju curenja
• Upotreba materijala koji odgovorno koriste resurse, onih sa niskom proizvodnom i eksplotacionom potrošnjom energije i recikliranih materijala
• Najbolјa upotreba lokacije zgrade i instalacija
• Minimiziranje zagađenja
Nivo do koga je ovo razmatrano, kao deo projekta zgrade, će imati uticaj na to koliko će visok BREEAM rejting biti dodelјen.
LEED® standardi, predstavlјaju lidere u projektovanim standardima zaštite životne sredine, kao sertifikacioni program koji je osmišlјen 1994. od strane američkog Saveta Zelene gradnje (USGBC; osnovanog 1993.) da podstakne praksu održivog razvoja i dizajna putem alata i kriterijuma za merenje učinka. To je “dobrovolјni, na konsenzusu zasnovan, sistem tržišnog rejtinga zgrada, baziran na postojećoj dokazanoj tehnologiji.” USGBC je uspostavio standarde kako za novoizgrađene objekte i objekte opsežnog renoviranja, tako i za postojeće objekate.
Pet klјučnih oblasti, postavlјenih od strane USGBC, koje su u fokusu pažnje, su “održivi razvoj zgrade, štednja vode, energetska efikasnost, izbor materijala i kvalitet životne sredine u zatvorenom prostoru.”
- Održivi razvoj zgrade podrazumeva, kad god je to moguće, ponovnu upotrebu postojećih objekata i očuvanje životne sredine u okruženju. Podstiče se i uklјučivanje zemlјanih skloništa, krovnih vrtova i sadnica širom i oko zgrada.
- Očuvanje čistote vode različitim sredstvima, uklјučujući čišćenje i recikliranje otpadne (ranije korišćene) vode i instalacija od zgrade do zgrade slivnika za kišnicu. Ocenjuje se i praćenje kvaliteta i upotrebe vode i opreme.
- Energetska efikasnost se može povećati na različite načine, na primer, orijentisanjem zgrade tako da se u potpunosti iskoriste sezonske promene u položaju sunca i korišćenjem raznovrsnih i regionalno odgovarajućih energenata, što uklјučuje, zavisno od geografske lokacije, solarnu energiju , energiju vetra, geotermalnu energiju, biomasu, vodu, ili prirodni gas.
- Najpoželјniji materijali su oni koji su reciklirani ili obnovlјivi i oni koji zahtevaju najmanje energije za proizvodnju. Idealno bi bilo da su lokalnog porekla i bez štetnih hemikalija. Oni su napravlјeni od nezagađenih sirovina i trajni su i mogu se reciklirati.
- Kvalitet životne sredine zatvorenog prostora bavi se pitanjima koja utiču na način kako se pojedinac oseća u prostoru i uklјučuje funkcije kao što su kontrola prostora, ventilacije, kontrola temperature i upotreba materijala koji ne emituju toksične gasove.
PRISTUP OPEN HOUSE METODOLOGIJI
Pri ocenjivanju se posebna pažnja posvećuje životnom ciklusu zgrade (Life Cycle Assessment): LCA rezultati zgrade koja se ocenjuje biće računati na standardizovan način i vrednovani ocenom pomoću benčmarkinga. Cilј svih LCA proučavanja je da se analiziraju i docnije vrednuju performanse odgovarajućeg “životnog ciklusa” zgrade.
Takođe je vrlo važno da se prilikom procenjivanja bilo kog kriterijuma vodi računa o vezi svakog kriterijuma sa drugim kriterijumima.
Projektom su predviđene sledeće aktivnosti:
VORKŠOP o proceni kvaliteta i održivosti zgrada po evropskoj metodi OPEN HOUSE, koji bi privukao veliki broj zainteresovanih projektanata i okupio predavače koji bi prvi put u Srbiji predstavili novu metodologiju za procenu kvaliteta zgrada, koja će postati standard kod postojećih i kod projektovanja novih zgrada.
Izrada Studije slučaja po OPEN HOUSE metodologiji, podrazumevala bi definisanje i način primene svih 6 kriterijuma sa pripadajućim podkriterijumima za procenjivanje kvaliteta i održivosti zgrada na primeru konkretne poslovne zgrade, koji će služiti kao model i primenjivati se na sve buduće projektovane ili postojeće zgrade. Ova aktivnost predstavlјa centralni deo projekta u kome će se po prvi putu Srbiji vršiti merenja koja su predviđena evropskom metodom OPEN HAUS koja će biti prihvaćana kao standard u Evropi.
Obuka 5 procenjivača kvaliteta i održivosti zgrada po metodi OPEN HOUSE, podrazumevala bi upoznavanje projektanata sa definisanom metodologijom i obučila bi prvih 5 procenjivača u Srbiji po novoj metodi OPEN HAUS.
Izrada softvera za proračun kvaliteta i održivosti zgrada po metodi OPEN HOUSE je namenjena budućim projektantima procenjivačima kvaliteta i održivosti zgrada. Ovim softverom će se olakšati ocenjivanje zgrada i dalјa obrada dobijenih podataka radi njihovog lakšeh praćanja i upoređivanja sa standardima.
DEVELOPMENT OF THE METHODOLOGY FOR THE QUALITY ASSESSMENT AND SUSTAINABILITY OF BUILDINGS IN SERBIA UNDER THE EUROPEAN STANDARDS “OPEN HOUSE”
The domestic construction industry faces major problems, both in the country and abroad. In the domestic market, due to the unfavorable economic environment, there is a noticeable delay in housing construction, while abroad, our construction companies are non-competitive, among other things, due to the non-application of modern methodologies primarily in the field of designing, and in the construction, using obsolete materials and overtaking methods of construction, to reduce the life cycle of a building.
The new methodology, called OPEN HOUSE, aims to develop and implement a common transparent methodology that will complement the existing methodologies for assessing the design and construction of sustainable buildings using an open approach and a common technical platform. The methodology is based on existing methods for the assessment of sustainable construction (BREEAM, DGNB, LEED, …), on existing European standards (ISO TC 59 / SC 17, CEN / TC 350), EPBD Directives and their national transpositions and assessment methodologies sustainability of construction on the international, European and national level.
It is a favorable circumstance, that Serbia soon receives a new set of laws that directly concern construction, and especially this part of its work. Unfortunately, domestic builders are not sufficiently familiar with the new legislation, and therefore it is necessary to more actively participate in the preparation of designers for new methodologies for assessing the life span, quality and sustainability of buildings through necessary training.
The scientific and technical goals of the project are:
• Define and present the OPEN HOUSE approach as an open and transparent European Platform for Sustainable Building,
• Promote OPEN HOUSE approach and define the mechanisms of interaction between the project and the decision-making factor,
• Build the OPEN HOUSE platform and support pan-European efforts for a common view on sustainable construction,
• Strengthen the method of application and assessment of the methodology: selection of test cases and decision-making mechanisms,
• Evaluate and improve the methodology using the test case and other similar cases, as well as other remarks from decision makers,
• Further expansion and use of the OPEN HOUSE methodology.
The basics of the methodology are the following:
• Ecological quality,
• Social-functional quality,
• Economic quality,
• Technical characteristics,
• Process quality (design and construction),
• Location of the building (location).
BREEAM REJTING Business Buildings is the most widely used facility for reviewing and improving the environmental performance of business buildings. It is an industrial standard for measuring how much a business building is sustainable and for exploring the impact of the building on the environment. An estimate can also be made of new and existing office buildings-whether empty or occupied.
What are the main factors in getting a BREEAM rating?
• Good management of the building
• How the building contributes to the health and well-being of employees
• Reducing CO2 emissions from construction and transport to and from the building
• Place and access for staff
• Efficiency in water use (e.g., low water toilets), water measurement, leak detection systems
• The use of resource-responsive materials, those with low production and exploitation energy consumption and recycled materials
• Best use of building and installation locations
• Minimizing pollution
The level to which this is considered, as part of the building project, will have an impact on how high a BREEAM rating will be assigned.
LEED® standards represent leaders in projected environmental standards as a certification program designed in 1994 by the US Green Building Council (USGBC, founded in 1993) to promote sustainable development and design practices through tools and criteria for measuring performance. It is “a voluntary, consensus-based, system of market rating of buildings, based on existing proven technology.” The USGBC has established standards for both newly built and extensive renovation facilities, as well as for existing facilities.
The five key areas set by the USGBC, which are in the focus of attention, are “sustainable building development, water conservation, energy efficiency, material selection and environmental quality indoors.”
1. Sustainable building development implies, whenever possible, the reuse of existing buildings and the preservation of the environment in the environment. Inclusion of soil shelters, roof gardens and seedlings around and around buildings is encouraged.
2. Preservation of water purity by various means, including cleaning and recycling waste (previously used) water and installations from building to rainwater drain building. Monitoring of the quality and use of water and equipment is also evaluated.
3. Energy efficiency can be increased in various ways, for example, by orienting the building to make full use of seasonal changes in the sun’s position and using diverse and regionally-appropriate energy sources, which, depending on the geographical location, solar energy, wind energy, geothermal energy, biomass, water, or natural gas.
4. Most preferred materials are those that are recycled or renewable and those that require the least energy for production. Ideally it would be local origin and no harmful chemicals. They are made of non-incinerated raw materials and are durable and can be recycled.
5. The quality of the environment of the enclosed area deals with issues that affect how the individual feels in the space and includes functions such as space control, ventilation, temperature control and the use of materials that do not emit toxic gases.
When assessing, special attention is paid to the Life Cycle Assessment: the LCA results of the building being evaluated will be calculated in a standardized way and valued by benchmarking. The goal of all LCA studies is to analyze and evaluate later the performance of the appropriate “life cycle” of the building.
It is also very important that when evaluating any criterion, the relation of each criterion with other criteria is taken into account.
The project envisages the following activities:
• APPROACH on the assessment of the quality and sustainability of buildings according to the European method OPEN HOUSE, which would attract a large number of interested designers and bring together lecturers to introduce a new methodology for assessing the quality of buildings for the first time in Serbia, which will become standard for existing ones and for the design of new buildings.
• The development of a Case Study by OPEN HOUSE methodology would involve defining and implementing the 6 criteria with the relevant sub-criteria for assessing the quality and sustainability of buildings on a case-by-case basis of a business building that will serve as a model and apply to all future projected or existing buildings. This activity is a central part of the project, which will be performed for the first time in Serbia, which are foreseen by the European OPEN HAUS method that will be accepted as a standard in Europe.
• The training of 5 evaluators of quality and sustainability of buildings by the OPEN HOUSE method would involve familiarizing designers with a defined methodology and training the first 5 assessors in Serbia according to the new OPEN HOUSE method.
• The development of software for the budget of quality and sustainability of buildings by the OPEN HOUSE method is intended for future designers to assessors of quality and sustainability of buildings. This software will facilitate the evaluation of buildings and the further processing of the received data for their easier tracking and comparison with standards.
Građevinski klaster Dunđer je odabrao dve studije slučaja na kojima će biti implementirana metoda OPEN HOUSE i to:
RS.2 poslovna zgrada javnog preduzeća Razvoj Knjaževac
RS.3 stambeno-poslovna zgrada Univerzitetskog naselja u Nišu
RS.2 Razvoj Knjaževac
- openhouse\RS.2 Razvoj Knjazevac Serbia\1_Environmental_Quality
- openhouse\RS.2 Razvoj Knjazevac Serbia\2_Socio_Functional_Quality
- openhouse\RS.2 Razvoj Knjazevac Serbia\3_Economic_Quality
- openhouse\RS.2 Razvoj Knjazevac Serbia\4_Technical_Characteristics
- openhouse\RS.2 Razvoj Knjazevac Serbia\5_Process_Quality
- openhouse\RS.2 Razvoj Knjazevac Serbia\6_Location
- openhouse\Reports RS.2 Razvoj Knjazevac\Indicator Weight & Indicator score RS.2 Knjazevac Razvoj.xls
- openhouse\Reports RS.2 Razvoj Knjazevac\OH_FeedbackForms_RS.2_Knjazevac_Razvoj.xls
- openhouse\Reports RS.2 Razvoj Knjazevac\OPEN_HOUSE_ShortReport_RS.2_Knjazevac_Razvoj.doc
- openhouse\Reports RS.2 Razvoj Knjazevac\Progress_Checklist_rev_RS.2_Knjazevac_Razvoj.xls
- openhouse\Reports RS.2 Razvoj Knjazevac\RS.2 Knjazevac Razvoj.ppt
- openhouse\Reports RS.2 Razvoj Knjazevac\Scoring_card_RS.2_Knjazevac_Razvoj.xls
RS.3 UNI Campus Niš
- openhouse\RS.3 Nis UNI Campus Serbia\1_Environmental_Quality
- openhouse\RS.3 Nis UNI Campus Serbia\2_Socio_Functional_Quality
- openhouse\RS.3 Nis UNI Campus Serbia\3_Economic_Quality
- openhouse\RS.3 Nis UNI Campus Serbia\4_Technical_Characteristics
- openhouse\RS.3 Nis UNI Campus Serbia\5_Process_Quality
- openhouse\RS.3 Nis UNI Campus Serbia\6_Location
- openhouse\Reports RS.3 UNI Campus Nis\Indicator Weight & Indicator score RS.3 Nis UNI Campus.xls
- openhouse\Reports RS.3 UNI Campus Nis\OH_FeedbackForms_RS.3_Nis_UNI_Campus.xls
- openhouse\Reports RS.3 UNI Campus Nis\OPEN_HOUSE_ShortReport_RS.3_Nis_UNI_Campus.doc
- openhouse\Reports RS.3 UNI Campus Nis\Progress_Checklist_rev_RS.3_UNI_Campus_Nis.xls
- openhouse\Reports RS.3 UNI Campus Nis\RS.3 Uni Campus Nis.ppt
- openhouse\Reports RS.3 UNI Campus Nis\Scoring_card_RS.3_Nis_UNI_Campus.xls
Project partners involved
- Cae Services Geie, (Belgium)
- Applied Industrial Technologies Ltd, (Greece)
- Ove Arup & Partners International Limited, (United Kingdom)
- Eusko Jaurlaritza-Gobierno Vasco, (Spain)
- Bouygues Construction, (France)
- Miasto Stołeczne Warszawa, (Poland)
- Slovenski Gradbeni Grozd, Gospodarsko Interesno Zdruzenje, (Slovenia)
- Construction cluster DUNDJER, (Serbia)
- D’appolonia Spa, (Italia)
- Deutsche Gesellschaft Fuer Nachhaltiges Bauen, (Germany)
- Electricite de France S.A., (France)
- Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich, (Switzerland)
- Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Foerderung der Angewandten Forschung E.V, (Germany)
- Instytut Techniki Budowlanej, (Poland)
- Mostostal Warszawa S.A, (Poland)
- SP Sveriges Tekniska Forskningsinstitut AB, (Sweden)
- Vivienda Y Suelo de Euskadi, S.A.,(Spain)
- Gradbeni Institut ZRMK D. o. o., (Slovenia)
- Fundación Agustín de Betancourt, (Spain)
- Institute for Sustainability, (United Kingdom)
- ACCIONA Infraestructuras S.A. (Spain)
- CENTROCOT / Centro Tessile Cotoniero e Abbigliamento SPA (Italy)
- IPN / Instituto Pedro Nunes – Coimbra (Portugal)
- ITAV / Tecnologias Avanzadas Inspiralia SL (Spain)
- Devan-Micropolis S.A. (Portugal)
- RAMA / Construcciones Garcia Rama SL (Spain)
- Ecoterra Desarrollo Sostenible SL (Spain)
- TEXCLUBTEC (Italy)
- TECNIBERIA – Asociación Española de Empresas de Ingeniería, Consultoría y Servicios (Spain)